By 2020, 10% of transport energy demand met by renewable energy sources. National Renewable Energy Action Plan
By 2020, 30% reduction of GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels. (NDC)
Participates in the EU ETS (Norway Links with EU ETS). 2013 cap for emissions from fixed installations is set at 2,084,301,856 allowances as part of Phase 3. Between 2013-2020, this cap decreases each year by 1.74%, amounting to a reduction of 38,264,246 allowances each year (EU Emissions Cap). Auctioning is the default method for allocating allowances and 300 million allowances set aside in the New Entrants Reserve to fund the deployment of innovative renewable energy technologies and carbon capture and storage through the NER 300 programme (Phase 3). In 2021, the pace of annual reductions in allowances increases to 2.2% as of 2021 as part of Phase 4. Phase 4 will also continue the free allocation of allowances as well as include low-carbon funding mechanisms (Phase 4).
Establishes a toll scheme that varies toll rates according to the pollutants the vehicles emit, as an incentive to deploy less polluting vehicles and support a modal shift of freight traffic to the rail and waterway modes. As of July 2018, HGVs (heavy goods vehicles) will have to pay tolls for the use of all the approximately 40,000 km of federal highways. HGV Toll
Establishes sustainability criteria for the public procurement of vehicles, also applicable to transport operators charged with public service obligations, implementing EU Directive 2009/33/EC. Requires taking into account energy consumption, CO2 emissions and pollutant emissions over the entire lifetime of vehicles in the purchase decision. To support this effort, the Clean Vehicle Portal has been created to help public procurement as well as private users in buying cleaner and more energy efficient vehicles. Promotion of Clean and Energy Efficient Road Transport Vehicles
Provides advantages and privileges for electric vehicles: allocates special parking spaces at charging stations in public areas, lowers or waives parking fees, and exempting them from certain access restrictions. Electric vehicles receive special E-license plates. Electric Mobility Act
Requires display of CO2 emissions and fuel consumption information label on new passenger vehicles, under EU Directive 99/94/EC. Passenger Vehicle Energy Consumption Labeling
By 2020, 14% reduction in national greenhouse gas emissions, compared to 2005 levels, as stated in EU Effort Sharing Decision. National Emission Target under EU Effort Sharing
By 2050, 50% reduction in primary energy consumption from 2008 levels. National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
By 2020, 20% reduction in primary energy consumption from 2008 levels. National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
By 2050, 50% reduction of final energy consumption in the transport sector, compared to 2005 levels. Energy Concept 2010
By 2020, 10% reduction of final energy consumption in the transport sector, compared to 2005 levels. Energy Concept 2010
Implements EU Decision 2016/1433 of August 2016 establishing that the Biomass Biofuels Sustainability Voluntary Scheme certification scheme meets the sustainability criteria under European Parliament and Council Directives. This is a voluntary scheme that verifies compliance with the EU’s biofuels sustainability criteria. Establishes that the production of biofuel did not occur on land with high biodiversity or that land with high carbon stock was not converted for biofuel production.
Extends zero rating to leasing of electric vehicles and to the sale and import of batteries for electric vehicles. VAT & Amendment
Until 2020, the cap on total aviation allowances was originally set at 210,349,264 per year and has been increased by 116,524 allowances per year from 1 January 2014 onwards to account for Croatia’s full integration into the EU ETS (EU Emissions Trading Scheme – aviation cap).
Aims to promote sustainable development in the best interests of individuals, society and future generations. All plans made to buildings pursuant to this act (erection, demolition, alteration, and other projects related to buildings, structures and installations, as well as physical alteration of the land and the establishment and alteration of property) are to take the climate into account in energy supply and transport solutions.
Promotes sustainable management of forest resources. Requires rejuvenation of forests after harvest, puts restrictions on road construction in forests, establishes a forest fund to support sustainable management practices, and details penalties for non-compliance of various measures. Notes that The Ministry may impose further regulations on forest management in forest areas of particular environmental value linked to biological diversity, landscapes, outdoor life, or cultural heritage.
Aims to limit GHG emissions via a trading mechanism. Establishes government authority over the number of allowances to be allocated and which of these allowances will be issued free of charge. Regulates reporting and control related to emissions and allowances and sets out penal measures for those operators not complying with reporting obligations.
By 2020, 30-40% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels.
The CO2 tax on mineral oil for domestic aviation has increased, with both EU ETS and non-EU ETS aviation paying a tax of NOK 430 per tonne of CO2, as of 2017 (Seventh National Communication).
From 1990, Norway has excised a CO2 tax on petroleum which is burnt, natural gas discharged to air, on CO2 separated from petroleum and discharged to air, and on installations used in connection with production or transportation of petroleum. Over time the CO2 tax has been expanded and as of 2017 is NOK 450 per tonne of CO2 for many sources (mineral oil, natural gas, LPG, petrol and diesel) (Seventh National Communication).
Implements EU directive on availability of consumer information regarding fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions in marketing of new passenger cars is implemented, and in process for light vehicle cars. Requires that a label on fuel economy and CO2 emissions is attached to or displayed near, in a clearly visible manner, each new passenger car model at the point of sale.
Sets emission performance standards for new light commercial vehicles as part of the EU’s integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles. The average level of CO2 emissions from these vehicles must not exceed 175 grams of CO2 per kilometer as from 2017 (the requirement will be introduced gradually as from 2014). From 2020, the level is not to exceed 147 grams of CO2 per kilometer.
By 2030, achieve carbon neutrality.
By 2050, achieve carbon neutrality (and possibility to further tighten this time-frame).
By 2020, 30% reduction of GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels.
By 2030, at least 40% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, covering energy, industrial process and product use, agriculture, land-use and land-use change, forestry, and waste.
By 2040, 70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, compared to 1990 levels. Energy Concept 2010
By 2020, achieve 7% minimum requirement level of biofuels used in road transport. Biofuels Quota Act References climate protection act
By 2030, 31-34% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the agriculture sector, compared to 1990 levels. Climate Change Action Plan (Klimaschutzplan) 2050
By 2030, 49-51% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the industry sector, compared to 1990 levels. Climate Change Action Plan (Klimaschutzplan) 2050
By 2030, 40-42% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, compared to 1990 levels. Climate Change Action Plan (Klimaschutzplan) 2050
By 2030, at least 55% reduction in greenhouse gases, compared to 1990 levels. Climate Change Action Plan (Klimaschutzplan) 2050
By 2050, 80 to 95% percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, compared to 1990 levels. Climate Change Action Plan (Klimaschutzplan) 2050
Provides guidance to all areas of action in the process to achieve domestic climate targets in line with the Paris Agreement. Areas of action include: energy, buildings, transport, trade and industry, agriculture and forestry. Key goal is to establish long-term targets aligned with national greenhouse gas neutrality by 2050, including sector-specific milestones for 2030. The plan will be fleshed out with programs and measures , with the first program to be adopted in 2018.
States an aim to significantly increase the market share of electric vehicles on the road to 1 million by 2020 and 6 million by 2030.
States an aim to save around 10 percent of final energy consumption in transport by 2020 and around 40 percent by 2050 (reference year 2005). Action Program on Climate Protection 2020
Until 2020, the cap on total aviation allowances was originally set at 210,349,264 per year and has been increased by 116,524 allowances per year from 1 January 2014 onwards to account for Croatia’s full integration into the EU ETS (EU Emissions Trading Scheme – aviation cap).
2013 cap for emissions from fixed installations is set at 2,084,301,856 allowances as part of Phase 3. Between 2013-2020, this cap decreases each year by 1.74%, amounting to a reduction of 38,264,246 allowances each year (EU Emissions Cap). Auctioning is the default method for allocating allowances and 300 million allowances set aside in the New Entrants Reserve to fund the deployment of innovative renewable energy technologies and carbon capture and storage through the NER 300 programme (Phase 3). In 2021, the pace of annual reductions in allowances increases to 2.2%.(Phase 4).
By 2030, at least 40% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels covering 100% of GHG emissions, to be fulfilled jointly between EU countries.
Aims to mitigate emissions in the transportation sector through fuel substitution from oil to gas, ‘car-free’ days, and transit oriented development planning.
Establishes a moratorium on new licenses to convert primary natural forests and peat lands. This is part of Indonesia’s commitments under the Letter of Intent signed with the Kingdom of Norway in May 2011 and is intended to facilitate Indonesia’s REDD+ activities.
Establishes agency and its directive to manage and implement REDD+ in Indonesia: develop a national strategy for implementation and develop REDD+ safeguards, standards, and methodologies to measure GHG emissions. Aims at reducing GHG emissions from deforestation and degradation of forest and peatlands and maintain and increase carbon stock through forest conservation, sustainable forest management, and/or rehabilitation and restoration of damaged forest area.
By 2030, 41% conditional reduction in GHG emissions in energy, waste, industrial process and product use, agriculture, and forestry, against BAU scenario, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building.
By 2030, 29% reduction in GHG emissions in energy, waste, industrial process and product use, agriculture, and forestry against BAU scenario.
By 2020, 26% reduction in GHG emissions in energy, waste, industrial process and product use, agriculture, and forestry, against BAU scenario.
Establishes medium and long-term goals relating to energy efficiency for the transport sector. Includes: improving the management and distribution of public transportation in regards to energy consumption; developing minimum standards of efficiency for new automobiles; initiating a monitoring and maintenance program for public and commercial vehicles; designing a public education campaign around the impacts of driving automobiles.
By 2030, on a conditional basis, shall not exceed net emissions of 369 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2eq).
By 2030, shall not exceed net emissions of 483 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2eq).
Provides a framework for the management of emissions from the in-service diesel fleet. Provides guidance for developing inspection and maintenance programs; fleet maintenance programs; emissions technology deployment; retrofit programs, and engine re-build programs.
Launches a government-supported initiative to plant 20 million trees by 2020, to re-establish green corridors and urban forests and to promote environment conservation and carbon reduction.
Allows farmers and land managers to earn carbon credits by storing carbon or reducing greenhouse gas emissions on the land. These credits can then be sold to people and businesses wishing to offset their emissions. Encourages sustainable farming and providing a source of funding for landscape restoration projects. The CFI is a legislated offsets scheme.
Establishes a database for environmental performance of all new vehicles sold in Australia weighing 3.5 tons or less: the Green Vehicle Guide (GVG). Provides model-specific fuel consumption and CO2 emissions data, based on data provided by manufacturers for each vehicle as part of the certification process. In 2015, the GVG underwent an upgrade to place a stronger focus on CO2 emissions and improve the ability of consumers to calculate annual fuel costs and CO2 emissions of individual models.
Requires a fuel consumption label to be placed on windscreens of all new vehicles up to 3.5 tons, showing fuel consumption and the CO2 emissions. This also applies to new electric and externally chargeable (“plug-in”) hybrid electric vehicles.
By 2030, 26-28% reduction in GHG emissions, economy-wide, below 2005 levels.
Establishes a fuel economy label for light vehicles (under 3500 kg) with six levels of energy efficiency.
For the transportation sector, defines objectives and requirements relating to energy efficiency. Requires vehicle suppliers to provide information on vehicle’s fuel consumption. States that a program will be established to address older inefficient vehicles and that the SEEC is considering the possibility of a reward and punishment system to encourage more efficient vehicles. Created a fuel economy label.
By 2030, avoid up to 130 million tons of CO2eq.
Prioritizes the transportation sector for energy efficiency conservation measures.
By 2030, reduce energy intensity by 25%, compared with 2005 levels.
By 2021, 7-20% reduction of GHG emissions from energy and transport sectors, compared to 2005 levels and subject to level of international support.
By 2030, conditional reduction of up to 25% of GHG emissions, compared to 2005 levels, subject to adequate and enhanced access to technology development and transfer, financial resources and capacity building support.
By 2030, 20% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 2005 levels, economy-wide.
Establishes a combined bonus-malus system to encourage the purchase of low-polluting vehicles. The bonus concerns the vehicles that emit maximum 110g CO2/km. The malus applies to the vehicles that emit more than 130g CO2/km. Incentivizes replacement of vehicles by also granting a conversion premium if you buy an environmentally friendly vehicle and scrap an older diesel car.
By 2020, achieve 10.5% of energy demand in transport sector met by renewable energy sources.
Establishes a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community (EU), directive 2003/87/EC.
Requires transport providers (passenger or freight transport businesses, removal firms, taxi firms, freight forwarders, travel agents, etc.) to inform their customers of the CO2 emissions of each transport service.
Mandates a CO2 label for passenger cars for all new vehicles on their first sale. Labels display average carbon dioxide emissions in grams per kilometer. Labels list grades from A (less than 100 gms/km) to G (more than 250 gms/km) and specify average emissions in several driving conditions, from aggressive to leisured, and intercity to freeway.
By 2020, improve energy efficiency by 20% (Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency (EED)).
By 2022, increase the share of non-road and non-aviation transport to 25% from 14% in 2009.
By 2020, reduce fuel consumption passenger/km by 50% and reduce by 50% total fuel consumption in aviation transport. Also by 2020, inaugurate 2,000 km of high-speed rail by 2020
Earmarks EUR 388 million of financial aid for the acquisition of clean vehicles (EUR 266 million) and the withdrawal of greater polluting vehicles (€122 million).
Creates a more stringent environmental penalty for (based on the only carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of vehicles): the trigger threshold of the malus is lowered from 127 to 120 grams of CO2/km. The law sets a progressive scale ranging from 50 euros for the least emitting vehicles to 10,500 euros for those emitting 185 g of CO2/km or more.
Sets a trajectory for the carbon component of domestic consumption tax rates for the 2018-2022 period. The value of the carbon component of the tariffs for these taxes is set at 44.60 euros / tonne of CO2 in 2018, 55 euros in 2019 and 65, 40 euros in 2020, to reach 86.20 euros in 2022
Aims at better monitoring of waste as well as countering against chemical waste trafficking and unregulated waste disposal.
Establishes that as of 1 January 2020, at least 40% of paper products, stationery and fiber-based prints acquired by state services and local authorities and their groupings are to be made from recycled paper, with the rest to come from sustainably managed forests.
Establishes that as of 1 January 2017, at least 25% of paper products, stationery and fiber-based prints acquired by state services and local authorities and their groupings are to be made from recycled paper, with the rest to come from sustainably managed forests.
Establishes a framework to promote efficient co-generation systems.
Allows metropolitan areas to reduce traffic speed on all or part of the city routes and introduce temporary traffic bans against polluting vehicles across the city. Creates price reductions for access to public transport in case of traffic ban for certain type of vehicles
Requires that taxi and rental companies will have to reach a minimum of 10% of low-carbon vehicles in their vehicle fleet.
Requires the State to prioritize electric and low-carbon vehicles in procurement (at least 50% of new procurement).
Establishes a clean transport program, which incentivizes citizens to buy low-emission vehicles by installing approximately 7 million charging stations and dedicated parking places.
Establishes a clean transport program, which incentivizes citizens to buy low-emission vehicles by installing approximately 7 million charging stations and dedicated parking places.
By 2030, establish an increase in the carbon tax on fossil fuel, from the 2015 rate of €14.5 to €100 per ton, pending ratification of annual budget.
By 2020, establish an increase in the carbon tax on fossil fuel, from the 2015 rate of €14.5 to €56 per ton in 2020, pending ratification of annual budget.
Increase the share of renewables up to 32% of the energy mix by 2030.
By 2030, reduce France’s reliance on nuclear power from the current 75% (2015) to 50% and cap the total output from nuclear power at 63.2 GW.
By 2050, reduce the share of fossil fuels in energy production by 30% compared to 2012.
By 2050, reduce GHG emissions by 75% by 2050 from 1990, and reduce national energy usage by at least 50%.
By 2030, reduce GHG emissions by 40% from 1990.
By 2030, at least 40% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels covering 100% of GHG emissions, to be fulfilled jointly between EU countries.
States that Canada’s forests and lands will continue to play an important role in sequestering substantial amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Without consideration of the global land sector, the 1.5 to 2°C temperature goal will be very hard to achieve.
By 2018, aims to ensure carbon-pricing systems are implemented throughout Canada by 2018. With a federal benchmark calling a price starting at $10/tonne in 2018 and a $10/year increase until it reaches $50/tonne in 2022.
Establishes business income tax incentives to make clean energy projects, such as solar energy, wind energy and energy from waste, more fiscally attractive for industry. Allows for accelerated capital cost allowances, deductions, and write-offs for certain production systems, expenses, and equipment: for example, eligible equipment may be written-off at between 30 and 50 percent per year on a declining balance basis.
Provides funding for municipal environmental initiatives that improve air, water, and soil, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. GMF funding is available to all Canadian municipal governments and their partners for eligible projects. Endowed with $550 million.
Through 2020, aims to improve fuel efficiency in the aviation sector by an average rate of at least 2% per year, from a 2005 baseline.
Requires that new marine vessels of 400 gross tonnage and above must meet Energy Efficiency Design Index requirements that will increase energy efficiency by 30% by 2025. The Energy Efficiency Design Index requirements do not apply to domestic vessels voyaging only in Canadian waters.
Requires all marine vessels of 400 gross tonnage and above to have a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan on board, stating how each vessel will increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Proposed to develop a clean fuel standard.
Proposed to develop a Canada-wide strategy for zero-emission vehicles, and invest in charging and natural gas and hydrogen fuelling infrastructure.
By 2018, aims to ensure carbon-pricing systems are implemented throughout Canada by 2018. With a federal benchmark calling a price starting at $10/tonne in 2018 and a $10/year increase until it reaches $50/tonne in 2022.
Further regulates GHG emissions in Phase II – for 2018 model trailers and for tractors and heavy truck engines between 2021 – 2027.
Requires companies to submit annual reports and maintain records relating to the GHG emission performance of their vehicles and fleets.
Creates additional credits for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles, as well as for innovative technologies to reduce GHG emissions.
Establishes GHG emission standards for on-road heavy-duty vehicles and engines, model year 2014 and later. Aligns with U.S. standards.
Establishes GHG emission standards for cars and light trucks of model years 2017 and beyond.
By 2030, achieve an economy-wide target to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below 2005 levels. (Canada First NDC Revised: 11/05/2017)
By 2018, aims to increase the percentage of sustainably harvested forest resources to 58.7% from 31.6% in 2013, to reach 94% of forest areas certified under “good forest management practice,” to include at least 10.2% of forest area in the ‘payment for ecosystem services’ scheme, to increase the percentage of restored or rehabilitated forest area to 5.45% from 0.71% in 2013 (out of the areas designated for restoration), to reduce the percentage of wood sold on illegal markets to 0% from 27.6% in 2012, to achieve 8,750,000 tons of avoided CO2e emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and to increase by 30% the credits allocated for forestry development and conservation programs by the Development Bank of Mexico since 2012.
Aims to increase sustainable production and productivity of forests and to promote conservation and restoration of forest ecosystems and protect forest ecosystems.
Establishes the National Forestry Program 2014-2018, which aims to reduce GHG emissions and climate change impacts through the protection and development of forest ecosystems.
Aims to design and develop programs and actions that enable the optimal use of energy in processes and activities in the national energy supply chain.
By 2024, generate at least 35% of power with clean technologies.
Launches MÉXICO2, a voluntary exchange that provides carbon credits to companies that develop environmentally friendly projects in the country. These credits can be used to offset costs from the carbon tax. The Mexican Stock Exchange (BVM) operates the program.
Establishes a tax on carbon from fossil fuel use, charging $3.50 per ton of emissions.
Establishes a voluntary market for emissions trading to promote GHG reductions in a cost-effective, verifiable, measurable and reportable manner (and establishes a framework for accounting of GHG emissions).
By 2050, reduce GHG emissions by 50% compared to 2000, subject to the availability of financial resources and technology transfer.
By 2020, reduce GHG emissions 30% below BAU, subject to the availability of financial resources and technology transfer.
Between 2013 to 2030, reduce emissions intensity per unit of GDP by around 40%.
By 2026, reach net emissions peak, decoupling GHG emissions from economic growth.
By 2030, reduce 25% of its Greenhouse Gases and Short Lived Climate Pollutants emissions below BAU (973 MtCO2eq per year) levels. This commitment implies a reduction of 22% of GHG and a reduction of 51% of Black Carbon. The 25% reduction could increase up to a 40% in a conditional manner, subject to a global agreement addressing important topics including international carbon price, carbon border adjustments, technical cooperation, access to low-cost financial resources and technology transfer, all at a scale commensurate to the challenge of global climate change. Within the same conditions, GHG reductions could increase up to 36%, and Black Carbon reductions to 70% by 2030.
Electric vehicles receive a tax credit between USD$2,000 and USD$7,500 depending on the size of vehicle and battery capacity.
Annual requirement for a certain volume of renewable fuels to be used instead of petroleum. Renewable fuels include Biomass-based diesel, Cellulosic biofuel, advanced biofuel and total renewable fuel.
Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards for passenger vehicles and light trucks of 163 grams/mile in model year 2025. Note that the current administration has requested that the EPA/DOT review these Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards.
Financial incentives for farmers to retire land from productions for 10-15 years if the land is of particular environmental importance.
By 2025, 26-28% reductions in GHG emissions compared to 2005 levels. This target is set under the US INDC, however it has since been announced that the US will withdraw from the Paris Agreement. We note that despite this announcement, as at currently, the US still remains in the Paris Agreement.
The Brazilian National Development Bank has established the Amazon Fund, which raises funds to finance projects which address deforestation, as well as generate emission reductions.
By 2030, increase share of sustainable biofuels to 18%.
Brazil continues to be an active participant to implement mitigation actions under REDD+.
The Brazilian government has announced that by 2030, it will restore 12 million hectares of deforested and degraded forest land.
By 2030, reduce illegal deforestation to zero.
The Brazilian government has announced that by 2030, it will implement 5 million hectares of integrated crop, livestock and forest management.
The Brazilian government has announced that by 2020, it will restore 5 million hectares of degraded pasture land.
An indicative 2030 target of a 43% reduction of economy wide GHG emissions below 2005 levels.
By 2025, 37% reduction of economy wide GHG emissions below 2005 levels.
Mandatory requirement with respect to blending of biofuels including the following: – minimum concentration for biodiesel blending is 5% v/v – minimum level for bio-ethanol blending is 2% v/v and maximum is 10% v/v (Regulations Regarding the Mandatory Blending of Bio-fuels with Petrol and Diesel (IEA database))
A draft national carbon tax bill has been proposed but not yet implemented.
From the end of 2020, it is intended that economy wide GHG emissions will peak, plateau and decline. Under this trajectory, by 2025 and 2030, national emissions will range between 398 and 614 MtCO2-eq.
Requirement on transportation fuel suppliers to ensure that a set percentage of their sales are from renewable sources, as well as for the suppliers to report on carbon savings and sustainable production of biofuels supplied.
New and unused cars which are electric or meet a CO2 emission threshold qualify as deductions from taxable business income in the first tax year after purchase.
Electric vehicles are exempt from the fuel benefit charge as electricity is not a fuel.
Implementation of domestic grants for ultra-low emission vehicles including: – Vehicles which emit less than 50g of CO2/km and can travel at least 112 km without any CO2 emissions receive 35% of the purchase price up to a maximum of GBP4,500. – Vehicles which emit less than 50g of CO2/km and can travel at least 16 km without any CO2 emissions receive 35% of the purchase price up to a maximum of GBP2,500. – Vehicles which emit between 50g and 75g of CO2/km and can travel at least 32 km without any CO2 receive 35% of the purchase price, up to a maximum of GBP2,500. – Motorcycles with no CO2 emissions and can travel at least 50km between changes will receive 20% of the purchase price, up to a maximum of GBP1,500. – Vans which emit 75g or less of CO2/km and can travel at least 16km without any CO2 emissions receive 20% of the purchase price, up to a maximum of GBP8,000.
The UK currently implements the vehicle fuel efficiency standards of the EU. Recommendations have been made by the Committee on Climate Change that new vehicle fuel efficiency standards of the EU should at least be mirrored under UK laws or that UK should remain in the EU Schemes.
Recommendations have been made for the UK government to introduce more sustainable and efficient policies for the food and farming industry.
The UK currently implements the EU ETS with an additional floor price. Recommendations have been made by the Committee on Climate Change that the EU ETS should at least be mirrored under UK laws or that UK should remain in the EU ETS.
By 2032, at least 57% economy wide reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, based on a 5-year carbon budget.
By 2027, at least 51% economy wide reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, based on a 5-year carbon budget.
By 2022, at least 37% economy wide reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, based on a 5-year carbon budget.
By 2017, at least 31% economy wide reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, based on a 5-year carbon budget.
By 2050, reduce economy wide GHG emissions by at least 80% compared to a 1990 levels.
The Carbon Plan outlines scenarios to meet the UK 5-year carbon budgets up to 2027.
Subsidies for electric and hybrid vehicles ranging from USD 165 to USD 360 for mild hybrids, USD 885 to USD 1065 for strong hybrids and USD 900 and USD 2,010 for electric vehicles. (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicle Program)
Long term goal to bring 33% of India’s geographic area under forest cover, and aim to increase forest cover by 5 million hectares. (Green India Mission)
By 2030, reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 33-35% below the 2005 level.
By 2020, reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 20-25% below the 2005 level.
Tax reductions and subsidies of 50 to 100% for hybrids, plug-in electric, electric, fuel cell, clean diesel and natural gas vehicles.
Tax breaks for low-polluting vehicles and higher tax rates for petrol based vehicles more than 13 years old and diesel vehicles more than 11 years old.
A 2030 aim for 70% of new vehicles sold to be highly energy efficient vehicles.
By the 2030 fiscal year, remove 37 million tonnes of CO2 through cropland management, grazing land management, and revegetation. This is equivalent to a 2.6% reduction based on the 2013 fiscal year. (Global Warming Countermeasure Promotion Act)
The Japanese greenhouse gas emission reduction certification system (J-credit) generates offsetting credits for approved methodologies applied within Japan. It covers sectors including energy, industrial processes, agriculture, waste and forestry.
The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) allows Japanese and foreign firms to invest in emission reduction projects and programs in developing countries to earn offset credits. It covers sectors including electricity production and distribution, transportation, industry and waste management.
By 2050, an 80% economy wide reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, with the base year unclear. (The Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures under the Global Warming Countermeasure Promotion Act)
By fiscal year 2030, a 26% economy wide reduction of greenhouse emissions below 2013 levels, equivalent to a 25.4% reduction below 2005 levels. (The Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures under the Global Warming Countermeasure Promotion Act)
Estimated that by 2020, production and sales of electric cars and plug-in hybrid vehicles will reach 5 million and that that there will be cars produced that consume 5 liters of fossil fuels/100km.
Aim to turn 1 million hectares of marginal cropland into forest or grassland and increase forest coverage to 23.04% by 2020.
Planned national emissions trading scheme which covers sectors including power, petrochemicals, chemicals, iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, building production and materials, pulp and paper, and aviation.
By 2050, more than 50% of primary energy consumption to come from non-fossil energy.
Around 2030 or earlier, for economy wide CO2 emissions to peak.
By 2030, 60-65% economy wide reduction of carbon emissions per unit of GDP below 2005 levels.
By 2020, 18% economy wide reduction of carbon emissions per unit of GDP below 2015 levels.
By 2020, average emissions standards to be 97g CO2/km for new light passenger vehicles, and 166g CO2/km for light commercial vehicles.
The South Korean Emissions Trading Scheme covers 525 businesses from 23 sub-sectors including steel, cement, petrochemicals, refinery, power, buildings, waste and aviation.
By 2030, a 37% reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual levels.
20% of 2014-2020 EU budget is dedicated to climate mitigation and adaptation.
EUR 6.4 billion for investment between 2014-2020 for low-carbon mobility projects.
EUR 39 billion to support the move towards low-emission mobility, of which EUR 12 billion for low-carbon and sustainable urban mobility
Proposed by 2030, progressive increase in the share of renewable energy used in transport fuels
Aim by 2020, that all emissions from vans be 147 gCO2/km. This represents a 19% reduction compared to the 2012 van fleet average.
By 2017, mandated that new vans do not emit more than 175gCO2/km. This represents a 3% reduction compared to 2012 van fleet average of 180.2gCO2/km.
By 2021, mandated that all emissions from new cars to be an average of 95 gCO2/km. This represents reductions of 40% compared to 2007 fleet average of 158.7gCO2/km. To be phased in from 2020.
Suggested by the European Commission in July 2016 that by 2050, to reduce GHG emissions from the transportation section by 60% below 1990 levels.
Proposed by the European Commission that from 2021, lower the emission cap by 2.2% per year.
Until 2020,allowances for the aviation sector of 210,465,788 allowances each year.
2013 cap for emissions from fixed installations is set at 2,084,301,856 allowances. Between 2013-2020, this cap decreases each year by 1.74%, amounting to a reduction of 38,264,246 allowances each year.
By 2020, reduce GHG emissions by at least 20%.
By 2050, 80-95% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels.
By 2030, at least 40% reduction in GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels covering 100% of GHG eimissions, to be fulfilled jointly between EU countries.
